BELGARD COMMERCIAL FIND A CONTRACTOR & DEALER. 2. TurfStone units are manufactured to industry standard specification ASTM C 1319-97. Our 34” round fire pit burner kit offers convenient warmth to your backyard patio. Facilitate easy installation of paving systems on uneven, sloping or rooftop surfaces. A battery powered electronic ignitor allows you to light the flame with the push of a button, while the thermocouple is an added. Belgard Turfstone™ paver system. com | Expocrete. Belgard pavers are an excellent investment that will keep paying you back throughout the many years ahead. BELGARD COMMERCIAL FIND A CONTRACTOR & DEALER. $ 635. Tackle heavy-duty cleaning in a stainless steel outdoor farmhouse sink. 67 sq. Our sealants and cleaners can also help to protect, enhance or restore pavers to ensure the beauty of your outdoor spaces for years to come. Scroll to Explore. We're More Than Just Gravel! 1004 SE Spencer Ave - Port Orchard,WA Phone: (360) 876-4701 AASHTO’s H-20 and HS-20 are live load ratings applied to the design of bridges or other suspended items (e. Calstone has a broad of categories that you can choose from. Its eco-friendly design reduces run-off and allows greenery to grow right through it, creating a highly unique hardscape design that works in harmony with nature. BELGARD COMMERCIAL FIND A CONTRACTOR & DEALER. The unique design of Turfstone allows rainwater to be gradually filtered back into the soil naturally. Architects and Specifiers, visit our commercial site. The sand should then be swept across the surface of the Belgard pavers and into the joints diagonally. Concrete strength: 8000 PSI (55 MPA) Absorption: Shall not exceed 5%. Turfstone ™. Request a Sample DOWNLOAD RESOURCES. * May be Suitable for ADA applications. Download Now . Features & Benefits: Multiple sizes for limitless design options DuraFusion face mix colour profile Available in 60mm and 80mm Manufactured to CSA A231. 40% surface opening with void space for creating a grass pavement. Support Information. Do you have any questions about our products or services? Just say "hi" and I'll answer! Irregular shapes and a textured surface create a stylish look of natural cut stone in 6 distinctive profiles. Get design, engineering, maintenance support — all at no cost to you. Adhesives. ABOUT. Post-Construction Inspection. For over 14 years we have been providing the Sarasota & Manatee counties with only the best quality pavers. 2. BELGARD COMMERCIAL FIND A CONTRACTOR & DEALER. Upgrade your backyard today!OTHER PRODUCTS. Machine Installation. Excavate and compact the soil sub-grade. ft. Our Phone 727-573-7883;. Architects and Specifiers, visit our commercial site. Manufactured to CSA A231. Change Location. Woven Geotextiles are planar, permeable textile structures produced by interlacing two or more sets of yarns or fibers. Installing the geo-fabric will prevent this from happening and aid in the long term durability of your paving stone project. Belgard offers commercial outdoor porcelain pavers as the perfect solution for gardens, terraces, and high traffic outdoor areas. Belgard also has pavers with the look and feel of natural brick and stone. Pavers & Slabs; Permeable Pavers;. Below are links for the pages for pavers, porcelain tiles and paver accessories. * May be Suitable for ADA applications. Silverlake provides elegant nuances, painstaking details and soft veining effects intertwine for maximum versatility, featuring balanced,1) Pavers provide a heavy duty driving surface. Belgard offers commercial outdoor porcelain pavers as the perfect solution for gardens, terraces, and high traffic outdoor areas. Modular for faster installation. Turfstone – Coastal – Cut Sheet. New York Stone. 3-1⁄8" Interlocking Permeable Pavers - Grass Block 16"x24" (Smooth Surface & Straight Edge) Turfstone stabilizes soil erosion by allowing rainwater to gradually filter back into soil. Visit our sister company, Harmony Gardens for nursery products in Northern Colorado. View Details. Transform your outdoor living space with high-quality patio pavers and concrete driveway paving stones by Belgard, a leading hardscapes manufacturer. Typical Detail: NOTE: Commercial vehicular applications should utilize a 6" wide concrete curb for containment. Model # 16203542. Aqualine Ashlar - 3-1⁄8" Smooth Top Permeable Pavers - Belgard . Porcelain. 42. How do you use Turfstone? Excavate and compact the soil sub-grade. Download Now . This 48” linear fire pit burner kit brings convenient and easy warmth to your outdoor living space. Applications include driveways, parking stalls, ramps, service and emergency access lanes. Catalog Construction Detail Cross Section Detail Cut Sheet Installation Guide Laying Pattern Resource Guide Spanish Translated. per unit Specs: 24" x 16" x 3 1/ 8" Weight: 58 lbs. Pavers Durable and stylish interlocking concrete pavers in a range of styles for a variety of plaza and boulevard applications. Porcelain pavers cost between $10 – $15 per square foot. If you are picking up at our…Visit an Outdoor Idea Center. Spread topsoil or gravel into the Turfstones and vibrate again. Metropolitan. Design Kit. Belgard has defined itself among brick and concrete paver manufacturers by offering distinct pavers for stone hardscapes, retaining walls, and more. UNICO, size 12. Inspired by the look of natural, unearthed stone, the Diamond Pro Quarried Face pairs the time-tested strength of a Diamond Pro® retaining wall system with the installation ease of a. Castlemanor ® Grana is a versatile, multi-piece wall system with an elegant contemporary look. Before the video starts I hauled off 8 thousand pounds of gravel from the dr. High density and ultra-low absorption rate create a tight surface texture and fends off surface mold, moss, dirt and other types of stains. Adhesives. Can be utilized to construct an ADA-compliant pavement. Once all of the pavers have been installed, attach a rubber mat to the plate of the vibrator and run it over the pavers to vibrate them into the sand. BELGARD COMMERCIAL FIND A CONTRACTOR & DEALER. Use SilcaSystem with Belgard pavers and slabs orPermeable Paver – Pricing and Installation Cost Checklist. Belgard products are manufactured regionally. per pallet pallet weight standard ground face sand blast antiqued (lbs) turfstone™ 80 mm15¾" x 23⅝" p p 40% 103. The unique design of Turfstone™ allows rainwater to be gradually filtered back into the soil naturally, resulting in the control and stabilization of soil erosion. Our new fireplace option from Belgard. The result is a paver with a richness and purity of color that’s sleek and vibrant. Menu. Try to get prices in late Fall, early winter – you should expect aggressive pricing discounts by waiting for a contractor’s down season. The SEK comes in four different colors and the Aqua Rock comes in the granite color. Permeable pavers cost between $7 – $10 per square foot. Free Pottery Pavers Installation Lead from the Belgard Resource Center. This revolutionary panel system allows for the creation of ground-level or elevated stone decks on wood or metal joists. Pavers & Slabs; Permeable Pavers;. Browse images by project type and save or share your favorites. /pallet) Open lattice grid design for turf infill. ft. Increased options for creative patterns. com for use in architectural drawings Some patterns may not necessarily reflect the percentages of stone sizes within a particular pallet. Download Now. Features & Benefits. These pavers combine the look and feel of a cut flagstone with the strength and long-term durability customers expect from Belgard. The combination of the smooth surface and crisp lines lend a quiet sophistication to this Belgard collection. Belgard products are manufactured regionally. Change Location. In response to a trend that began in Europe, Cambridge introduced. Architects and Specifiers, visit our commercial site. Permeable pavers cost between $7 – $10 per square foot. Flagstone. Two installation needs, a single solution. Spread and screed the bedding sand (grading to conform to ASTM C33). For best results enter the ZIP code where your project is located. With both aesthetic and function in mind, our block can provide solutions to be installed in both straight or cured lines, steps and corners. From simple walkways and paths to complete patios and pads. Belgard pavers are among them, with an extremely high satisfaction rate from our customers. Renowned for its rough-hewn face and earthen tones, the Diamond Pro Stone Cut® retaining wall system imparts a rich, faceted appearance. Pin system installation method; Large cores for ease in handling; Ease of installation with oversized pin aligning cores; Pin cores allow for multiple batter options; Builds walls in excess of 50 feet when combined with geosynthetic reinforcement; One. Belgard offers commercial outdoor porcelain pavers as the perfect solution for gardens, terraces, and high traffic outdoor areas. TALK TO AN EXPERT. Features & Benefits Ideal for sand-set, adhered overlay and pedestal applications Contemporary shot blast finish Clean lines and large size ideal for contemporary plaza deck designs or elegant rooftop projects Hydraulically pressed resulting in high density and flexural strength for ultimate durabilityIt will not break down, helping to control runoff for years to come. x 24 in. 2715 Steel Drive, Colorado Springs, CO, 80907, United States. The Catalina Grana® offers crisp, clean lines and a smooth, linear surface create a contemporary feel that’s both eye-pleasing and comfortable. Emulates the specific natural qualities of a different quarried stone. Perfect for high-traffic areas, Catalina is fully ADA compliant. Porcelain pavers provide a durable and skid and stain-resistant paver option while frost-resistant and easy to clean with a high breakage load (up to 2,000 pounds). Showing 20 Products. Check out some gorgeous Belgard patio ideas below: Turfstone™ Paver System – permeable pavers allows rainwater to be filtered back into the soil. Ph: 844-371-5138 SHAPES & SIZES 153⁄4 x 235⁄8 x 31⁄8 GRAY AVAILABLE COLOR For more info, visit Belgard. You have the option of picking up the retaining walls in our yard or have it delivered. Our new fireplace option from Belgard. Silverlake. INSTALL FINISHES % SURFACE OPENING SQ. Place and compact the gravel base (Figure 1). The unique design of Turfstone™ allows rainwater to be gradually filtered back into the soil naturally, resulting in the control and. Architects and Specifiers, visit our commercial site. Cortez Slab. Flagstone. This is simply one average cost are pavers alone, there are many get gear to. OTHER PRODUCTS. Determine total costs up front, including installation and lifetime maintenance. Belgard offers commercial outdoor porcelain pavers as the perfect solution for gardens, terraces, and high traffic outdoor areas. . joint width % surface opening chamfer width sq. Scroll to Explore. Architects and Specifiers, visit our commercial site. Excavate and compact the soil sub-grade. AASHTO’s H-20 and HS-20 are live load ratings applied to the design of bridges or other suspended items (e. Vibrate the Turfstones into the sand. Incredibly high breakage loads, up to 3,000 pounds. “It’s a fantastic product. Architects and Specifiers, visit our commercial site. Discover creative hardscape ideas and pictures of outdoor kitchens, walls, driveways, patios, pool areas, and more. BELGARD COMMERCIAL FIND A CONTRACTOR & DEALER. comOutdoor Living Blog; HGTV® DREAM HOME 2023. Orco Keystone Country Manor ®. For best results enter the ZIP code where your project is located. install finishes % surface opening sq. Belgard offers commercial outdoor porcelain pavers as the perfect solution for gardens, terraces, and high traffic outdoor areas. Stunning colour blends. Turfstone – NFD West Bonner Springs – Cut Sheet. Belgard Standard Paving Detail – Curb Transition Bituminous Set on Concrete Base. Turfstone ™ VIEW LOCAL. Sold by the individual piece. Belgard has defined itself among brick and concrete paver manufacturers by offering distinct pavers for stone hardscapes, retaining walls, and more. The only. Porcelain pavers provide a durable and skid and stain-resistant paver option while frost-resistant and easy to clean with a high breakage load (up to 2,000 pounds). Features & Benefits. The wide Glocal range from Belgard, designed to solve different design needs with an extensive variety of colors, surfaces and sizes. Grana. Make your outdoor space cozy with the NEW Melville Series Fireplace by Belgard. Turfstone – Fontana – Cut Sheet. Download Now . Belgard also has pavers with the look and feel of natural brick and stone. 2 specification. Interlocking Concrete Pavers, Paving Stones & Slab Pavers. Belgard Turfstone Permeable Paver Gray 16 in. Turfstone differs from other permeable paving stone options because of its distinctive, lattice-like design that results in a grid pattern upon installation. The unique design of Turfstone™ allows rainwater to be gradually filtered back into the soil naturally, resulting in the control and stabilization. 2 specification. Engineering Assistance. Facilitate easy installation of paving systems on uneven, sloping or rooftop surfaces. Belgard offers commercial outdoor porcelain pavers as the perfect solution for gardens, terraces, and high traffic outdoor areas. Let’s take a dive into the different features of top-tier pavers in the market. Porcelain pavers provide a durable and skid and stain-resistant. Pavers & Slabs; Permeable Pavers;. Keystone Hardscapes Pavers. Build Now. Orders are processed Monday-Friday during business hours. Unaffected by alkalis, most acids, chemical agents, salt and other de-icing materials. Turfstone accommodates pedestrian and vehicular traffic and is suitable for driveways, overflow parking, fire access lanes or anywhere. Architects and Specifiers, visit our commercial site. Features & Benefits: Pin system installation method. Architects and Specifiers, visit our commercial site. 727-530-0891Belgard smooth finish pavers meet the acceptance criteria of ? 0. Change Location. Reduced cuts, installation time and waste. Silverlake provides elegant nuances, painstaking details and soft veining effects intertwine for maximum versatility, featuring balanced,Mega-Tandem™ 3-in-1 Wall System designed by Belgard ® provides the natural appearance of chiseled stone that will complement any hardscape. This 48” linear fire pit burner kit brings convenient and easy warmth to your outdoor living space. Features & Benefits True installed dimensions for optimal layout Clean. PDF. HGTV® DREAM HOME 2023; HGTV® PartnershipTURFSTONE ™ PAVER SIMPLE, OPEN WEAVE. Metropolitan. Geometric Shapes - Spanish Version. The standard pre-conception for pavers and permeable pavers is that they are expensive. Belgard® VS5-108 Pavers Help Make Banff Roadway Better for Pedestrians, Drivers and Businesses. The innovative, versatile system can be used to create attractive, curved or straight retaining and freestanding, landscape walls. Curl to Explore . This step-by-step paver installation guide demonstrates the proper way to compact your hardscape and what to do if a paver breaks along the way. 1. The quality craftsmanship and cutting-edge designs make this product line the ultimate choice for bold, distinctive, unforgettable hardscapes. Belgard® Commercial has various concrete pavers and permeable pavers that are manufactured in machine installation patterns, whereby specialized. FT. Subscribe to Our Newsletter Receive information about commercial design solutions, new products, case studies, education, and more. Pavers & Slabs; Permeable Pavers;. . BELGARD COMMERCIAL FIND A CONTRACTOR & DEALER. (50 pc. Interlocking spacer bars for increased structural performance. Turfstone – AMCOR – Cut Sheet. Turfstone Permeable Paver INSTALLATION PATTERNS. The only nationwide provider of hardscape products, we have established ourselves as an industry leader and dedicated partner to homeowners and industry professionals alike. Permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP) are a system of concrete pavers with layers of varying-sized stone – or aggregate – underneath that filter and direct storm water to underground aquifers. Made of Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC), providing industry leading PSI strength Shop undefined 16-in L x 24-in W x 3-in H Rectangle Gray Concrete Paver in the Pavers & Stepping Stones department at Lowe's. BELGARD. Features & Benefits Incredibly high. of 6″ where possible. Request a Sample DOWNLOAD RESOURCES. Turfstone ™ VIEW LOCAL. Modular shapes allow for ample design flexibility. The Weston Stone™ kit is designed for fire pits, which is a nice addition to any backyard. Download Now. Pavers & Slabs; Permeable Pavers;. Belgard 7-in L x 4-in W x 2-in H Rectangle Silex Gray Concrete Paver #10155496 ; More top rated Pavers & Stepping Stones at Lowe's. New […]Belgard offers commercial outdoor porcelain pavers as the perfect solution for gardens, terraces, and high traffic outdoor areas. Belgard offers commercial outdoor porcelain pavers as the perfect solution for gardens, terraces, and high traffic outdoor areas. Large cores for ease in handling. Installation & Beyond; Installation; Maintenance; Product Warranty; Products. 40%) provide storage. Request a Sample DOWNLOAD RESOURCES. Porcelain pavers provide a durable and skid and stain-resistant. Boasting a natural stone appearance, Aspen Stone ® is a lighter weight wall unit developed for easy installation. Belgard will help you Pave the Way to a beautiful outdoor living space with our Planning and Design services. Whether you install interlocking pavers or cobblestone yourself as a fun do-it-yourself project or hire a professional to lay your stone for you, Lowe’s has many options to help jump-start your outdoor project. Architects and Specifiers, visit our commercial site. 75-in D Desert Sand Concrete Retaining Wall Block. . Porcelain pavers provide a durable and skid and stain-resistant paver option while frost-resistant and easy to clean with a high breakage load (up to 2,000 pounds). Change Location. 5. Check it out. The standard pre-conception for pavers and permeable pavers is that they are expensive. 15:. The Catalina Grana® offers crisp, clean lines and a smooth, linear surface create a contemporary feel that’s both eye-pleasing and comfortable. Because of this, we always focus on pitching water away from your home and toward a drain, drainage system or soft scape. The smooth surface is enhanced with grouted details. For the delivery fee to your area, refer to page 1 in the catlalog. Designed to interlock perfectly and create a more stable surface with less shifting, Sedona can be set with or without wide joints. Porcelain pavers provide a durable and skid and stain-resistant paver option while frost-resistant and easy to clean with a high breakage load (up to 2,000 pounds). Belgard products are manufactured regionally. 21KB | . Its eco-friendly design reduces run-off and allows greenery to grow right through it, creating a highly unique hardscape design that works in harmony with nature. Turfstone turfstone is an intelligent solution for erosion control, ditch liners, parking pads and fire lanes. g. of 6? where possible. Porcelain pavers provide a durable and skid and stain-resistant paver option while frost-resistant and easy to clean with a high breakage load (up to 2,000 pounds). Architects and Specifiers, visit our commercial site. Request A Quote. Architects and Specifiers, visit our commercial site. Geometric Shapes - Spanish Version. The modular system offers superb design and flexibility and ease of installation, with several possible laying patterns. Part of the Tandem Wall System, Belgard’s connector design creates structural integrity in curved or straight walls. Clay Porcelain. Architects and engineers choose the Diamond Pro ® retaining wall system to create flexible, cost effective solutions for a broad range of large commercial, municipal and residential retaining wall projects. Concrete Pavers, Pavers & Slabs, Rooftop Slabs. 6" X 12" DIMENSIONS ™ 5" X 1113/16 MELVILLE ™ PLANK 4" X 8 HOLLAND STONE 153/4" X 235/8" TURFSTONE ®. PER PALLET Standard Ground Face Antiqued Turfstone™ 80 mm 15¾" x 23⅝" P P P 40% Varies by Location * May be Suitable for ADA applications. Maximum column height: 6 *. Tandem face styles have three innovative installation systems to choose from, Tandem Modular Block, Tandem Plastic Connectors and Tandem Modular Grid, that allow you to build attractive, curved or straight retaining and freestanding landscape. ft. Confirmation that the proper materials and surface void infill were installed by site observations and photographs isTurfstone Permeable Pavers PRODUCT INFO Belgard is a member of the ICPI and NCMA and complies with or surpasses the standards of both organizations. Belgard products are manufactured regionally. Part of the Tandem Wall System, Belgard’s connector design creates structural integrity in curved or straight walls. Concrete pavers value between $6 – $7 on settle foot. DuraFusion face mix colour profile. Turfstone available in natural gray only. Belgard Turfstone Permeable Paver Gray 16 in. Porcelain pavers provide a durable and skid and stain-resistant paver option while frost-resistant and easy to clean with a high breakage load (up to 2,000 pounds). Special Note: Additional cuts made in the field should be sealed. Architects and Specifiers, visit our commercial site. The look of wood with the strength and sophistication of porcelain. Architects and Specifiers, visit our commercial site. Features and Benefits: Contemporary shot blast finish; Ideal for sand-set, adhered overlay and pedestal applicationsCastlemanor ® Grana is a versatile, multi-piece wall system with an elegant contemporary look. Belgard products are manufactured regionally. Freeze thaw resistant—100% frost-free and properties remain unaltered at temperatures ranging from -51. StackStone ® outdoor stone fire pit kits feature a rough-hewn texture, distinctive beveled edging and rich color blends. Belgard® Interlocking Concrete Permeable Pavement (PICP) helped the project meet certain environmental certification objectives as well as mandates set by the local municipality for water quality, streambank protection and flood management. Applications include driveways, parking stalls, ramps, service and emergency access lanes. Turfstone – NFD East – Cut Sheet. The unique design of Turfstone™ allows rainwater to be gradually filtered back into the soil naturally, resulting in the control and. Ph: 781-767-2202 SHAPES & SIZES 153⁄4 x 235⁄8 x 31⁄8 GRAY AVAILABLE COLOR For more info, visit Belgard. Architects and Specifiers, visit our commercial site. BELGARD COMMERCIAL FIND A CONTRACTOR & DEALER. Store hours vary by branch location and season. For residential use, 6 in. comJurupa features a planed wood look and is a perfect blend of warmth and elegance. The unique design of Turfstone™ allows rainwater to be gradually filtered back into the soil naturally, resulting in the control and stabilization of soil erosion. Pro. Belgard offers commercial outdoor porcelain pavers as the perfect solution for gardens, terraces, and high traffic outdoor areas. It enhances the original color of the paver without losing the surface texture of real stone. Porcelain pavers provide a durable and skid and stain-resistant paver option while frost-resistant and easy to clean with a high breakage load (up to 2,000 pounds). Place the Turfstones on bedding sand. Bring your next project to life in Revit with the Belgard Commercial BIM Library! Browse our BIM tools and download Revit files for our paver and wall products. High density and ultra-low absorption rate create a tight surface texture and fends off surface mold, moss, dirt and other types of stains. Inspired by the walls in Cusco, Peru which are more than 500 years old. Workers’ Compensation We have display racks and installed pathways in our yard for you to look at. Ledgestone XL 3 Pc. The roads were completed in roughly two months using machine installation, with most of them. A time laps; making a driveway by laying turfstone pavers, over gravel and sand. View Details. Belgard hardscape products and materials are designed to optimize both aesthetic and function, while offering flexible design elements and easy installation to make the vision you have for your paver patio, walkway, driveway, pool deck, landscape wall system, outdoor kitchen or fire pit spaces a reality. Architects and Specifiers, visit our commercial site. Belgard / Plan & Design. Welcome to Belgard. Request a Sample DOWNLOAD RESOURCES. Porcelain pavers provide a durable and skid and stain-resistant paver option while frost-resistant and easy to clean with a high breakage load (up to 2,000 pounds). Belgard Revit Configurator. Palletized layers patterned to accommodate efficient mechanical or manual installation; Hidden paver spacer bars for maximum aesthetics Swatches shown reference color only, not paver style or texture. PebbleTec®. Inspired by the look of natural, unearthed stone, the Diamond Pro Quarried Face pairs the time-tested strength of a Diamond Pro® retaining wall system with the installation ease of a. Installation & Beyond; Installation; Maintenance; Product Warranty; Products. 3 piece modular system. / Turfstone – NFD East – Cut Sheet. Durable and reliable, but always on-trend, Belgard’s concrete pavers and paving stones transform walkways and driveways into a stylish introduction to your home. Concrete strength: 8000 PSI (55 MPA) Absorption: Shall not exceed 5%. View Details. Porcelain pavers provide a durable and skid and stain-resistant paver option while frost-resistant and easy to clean with a high breakage load (up to 2,000 pounds). Excavate and compact the soil sub-grade. Its eco-friendly design reduces run-off and allows greenery to grow right through it, creating a highly unique hardscape design that works in harmony with nature. Turfstone – Adams – Cut Sheet. Interlocking Concrete Pavers Installation and Design by Setting Sun Patios & Decks, serving greater Raleigh, Cary, Durham, Wake Forest, and Garner, NC. P A D RIE A LO T PEREABE PLAZA / SIDEW ALK Turfstone 2 O Al R Reserved. MoistureShield. Design Kit. and Techisoil. Belgard Pavers Installation and Design by Diamond Pavers, throughout greater San Francisco, Fremont, Hayward, Oakland, Berkeley, Palo Alto, Daly City, San Jose, Los Gatos, San Ramon, and Burlingame. The NCMA (or the Belgard Installation Guideline Manual. Revit/BIM Support. base is recommended. The installation of Orco Villa pavers will demand a whole new appreciation of your grounds. lids for concrete vaults). Belgard offers commercial outdoor porcelain pavers as the perfect solution for gardens, terraces, and high traffic outdoor areas. Calstone uses Duraface technology that creates a color-blending process that maintains a natural look, while Belgard features Hydro-Flo technology that ensures 100%. 40 pieces per pallet · Covers 107sq ft per pallet · See 'Resources' for more info. Architects and Specifiers, visit our commercial site. Colors: Grey 900 Ashwood Parkway, Suite 600 Atlanta, GA 30338. The understated elegance of Belgard Catalina paving stones make them exceptional for enhancing any. Unaffected by alkalis, most acids, chemical agents, salt and other de-icing materials.